Diabetic ophthalmopathy advances in diagnosis and treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31243/mdc.uta.v9i4.3047.2025Keywords:
ophthalmopathy, diabetes mellitus, diagnosis, technology and treatment, diabetic retinopathyAbstract
Introduction: diabetic retinopathy is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus; its current management is of great importance to prevent the progression of the disease that can cause blindness and disability. Objectives: to describe current therapeutic strategies in the management of diabetic ophthalmopathy. Materials and Methods: a systematic search was carried out with the statement prism 2020 of 33 scientific medical articles, obtained from databases such as: PubMed, Scopus, Willey, Google Scholar, Scielo and Cochrane. Results: intravitreal injection of drugs in patients with diabetic macular edema is useful and superior to laser photocoagulation in diabetic macular edema to prevent vascular neoformation. Artificial intelligence has been deployed to predict and diagnose early before vision loss sets in. Observed risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy include poisoning by some heavy metals. Conclusion: fundus with stereoscopic photography allows diagnosis by biomicroscopy to examine the retina. The image of choice is optical coherence tomography angiography, which is a test that allows the density of microscopic structures to be observed more precisely, to recognize microvascular changes. Preventive treatment of risk factors, therapeutic control of diabetes mellitus, and administration of intravitreal medications can prevent progression to blindness. The administration of fibrate can reduce the progression of the disease due to its effect on the main risk factor of diabetics, hypertriglyceridemia. Treatment with intravitreal injections of vascular anti-endothelial growth factor can delay diabetic retinopathy.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Javier Aquiles Hidalgo Acosta , Ana Patricia Galeas Hernández, Estefanía Rossana Mina Mero , Miguel Ángel Carreño Álava, María Belén Cueva Pantoja
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
