Cervical cancer risk factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31243/mdc.uta.v5i2.1079.2021Keywords:
Uterine cervical neoplasms, Risk factors, papillomavirus infectionsAbstract
Introduction: In the spectrum of cancerous pathologies, cervical neoplasm is a health indicator that increases morbidity rates in women, where the etiological factor considered is closely related to risk factors that are modifiable, by raising awareness of those relevant variables that increase or decrease the development of cervical cancer (CCU).
Objective: Conduct a systematic review of the literature to identify the risk factors of the CCU in order to highlight the parameters causing this condition and its relationship to morbidity, analyzing qualitative data, determining the priority of risk factors by degree of involvement according to the evidence found.
Material and methods: This research work safeguards a documentary research design, with qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, based on search and analysis, of secondary data. A systematic database review (Scopus, Web of Science, OVID) was developed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined, which allowed the characteristics of the selected articles to be analyzed.
Results: Human papillomavirus (HPV) affects as the main risk factor reaching 70% of the population of the articles analyzed, sexual activity at an early age was detected to be another relevant risk factor, these predominate in greater proportion, which in order of priority are followed by other factors such as: sexually transmitted infections, promiscuity, contraceptive hormones and smoking.
Conclusions: The coverage of analyzed articles reflects equity in the factors that provide the risk to the development of CCU. Added the likelihood of being modified by preventive programs addressing cervicovaginal cytology as diagnostic punctuality of choice
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