Latest advances in endometrial cancer.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31243/mdc.uta.v9i3.2928.2025Keywords:
Endometrial neoplasms, Endometrial hyperplasia, Antineoplastic protocols, Endometrial diseasesAbstract
Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a malignancy of the inner epithelial lining of the uterus. It is considered one of the most common types of gynecological cancer in high-income countries. Its incidence is increasing worldwide, ranking it the sixth most common cancer in women, with obesity being the main risk factor. Most cases occur between the ages of 65 and 75.
Objective: Describe the latest advances in endometrial cancer.
Materials and methods: A review of 33 scientific articles was conducted, obtained from prestigious and internationally recognized databases such as PubMed, the New England Journal of Medicine, and international guidelines, among others. The articles were mostly from 2019 onward, in Spanish and English, and included review articles, meta-analyses, observational, descriptive, and retrospective studies, as well as author opinions on the topic of endometrial cancer and its current treatment.
Results: Hysterectomy is the primary treatment, primarily in 67% of patients. Minimally invasive or robotic surgery are a current trend for the treatment of endometrial cancer. According to a study from the National Cancer Database, it would present better results compared to open surgery (p < 0.001). For advanced or recurrent EC, carboplatin AUC 5-6 plus paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 every 21 days for six cycles should be considered first-line therapy.
Conclusions: Endometrial cancer treatment depends on the stage of the histological grade and molecular subtype, the patient's age, and her reproductive desires. In early stages, total abdominal hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is the primary treatment; in advanced stages, standard chemotherapy should be accompanied by pembrolizumab.a monoclonal antibody that binds to the PD-1 protein to help the immune system destroy cancer cells andthus improving survival.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Darío Gustavo Mora Bazantes , Fernando Félix Gavilánez Ramos , Deborah Denisse Gaibor Santos , Rebeca Katherine Muzzio Mila , María Fernanda Calderón León
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