Kaposi’s Sarcoma in HIV Infection detected in primary care, a case report

Abstract

Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus belongs to the family of lentivirus, whose infection results in the destruction of the immune system. It occurs in phases: acute, latent, chronic, and advanced or AIDS, in which the immune system has decreased so much that infections and neoplasms can proliferate as Kaposi Sarcoma, which is multifocal unusual and originates from endothelial cells.

Objective: Describe a patient with HIV infection in the AIDS phase with oncological expression.

Material and methods: Descriptive and retrospective study, clinical case presentation of a male patient diagnosed with Kaposi’s Sarcoma captured in primary health care.

Results: It’s described the case of a 28-year-old patient, who came to the clinic for presenting lesions in purplish skin 2 months ago, of abrupt appearance without apparent cause, located in the neck, chest and upper extremities, HIV test with reactive results is requested, in addition to a CD4 count in 210 cells/mm3 and a viral load of 35000 copies/ml, with a skin biopsy showing a tumor lesion consisting of endothelial-looking spindle cells, antiretroviral therapy is initiated and a procedure is carried out for management by specialty in oncology.

Conclusion: In the context of HIV infections, it is important for the physician to be alert to concomitant pathological expressions. The importance of clinical criteria and the contribution of primary care to the diagnosis of rare diseases is confirmed.