Manual therapy on non-specific low back pain present in people who train in the gym

Abstract

Background: low back pain affects the muscles of the back and trunk caused by extreme postural changes. It presents certain classifications: according to time and cause; it is considered a debilitating factor that causes disability and reduces the performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Manual therapy acts on all the factors that trigger the symptomatology.
Aim: To apply a manual therapy protocol on non-specific low back pain in people who do gym training and to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Material and Methods: The research was quasi-experimental, cross-sectional cohort research was carried out on 22 patients with non-specific low back pain (NLBP), range 18-50 years of age. Participants were assessed initially and at the end of the intervention by Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Slump test (ST) and Standing Extension Test for Ischiotibial (SETI). The intervention lasted 35 minutes per patient and the number of sessions depended on the improvement in symptomatology. Techniques used: Superficial and Deep Transverse Massage (STM and DTM), Myofascial Release for Myofascial Trigger Points (MRMTP) by progressive pressure, Spinal Manipulation (SM), Mckenzie Method, Thermotherapy. The results obtained from the application and evaluation were compared with each other. The research was submitted to the bioethics committee of the Technical University of Ambato for approval and execution. The results were evaluated through descriptive and inferential statistics and hypothesis testing through a Wilcoxon test.
Results: for the relationship between initial and final evaluation of the applied tests (NRS, ODI, MPQ) the null hypothesis was rejected at a significance level of 5% with a value of P=0.000; for ST and PEBI 90.9% of the participants started with a positive sign and 100% finished with a negative sign. In other words, the application of the intervention protocol by means of myofascial manual therapy was effective on non-specific low back pain present in people who perform gym training.
Conclusion: patients reveal significant decrease in pain, reduction of disability percentages, so that the effectiveness of the application of the manual therapy protocol was evidenced and have significant differences in the before and after physiotherapeutic intervention.