Intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors that favor the development of pulmonary fibrosis in patients over 65 years old patients over 65 years of age, review of the literature

Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis is a pathological entity characterized by damage to the lung parenchyma, causing abnormal tissue scarring. This pathology originates from respiratory infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common pathology in patients over 40 years of age. age, is currently the third cause of death worldwide. Risk factors can be extrinsic such as: ingestion of biomass smoke, tobacco, occupational pollutants, among others, intrinsic factors depend directly on the patient such as: genetic factors, weight and gestational age at birth, history of recurrent respiratory infections in childhood , the symptoms usually range from mild to severe, this will depend on the degree of lung injury present, the treatment and measures to be considered for the improvement of the individual will depend on the damage and the current symptoms. Objectives: To carry out a bibliographic review on the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors that favor the development of pulmonary fibrosis in patients over 65 years of age through a bibliographic search. Material and methods: search for information on the risk factors that favor the development of pulmonary fibrosis in patients >65 years of age in the following databases: Medline/PubMed, LILACS-BIREME and SciELO, including AND and OR operators. Results: the main triggering factor for the appearance of pulmonary fibrosis will be the presence of COPD, a multifactorial pathology. Conclusions: pulmonary fibrosis is a pathology that entails significant complications in patients; it can present with mild symptoms where the ventilatory process is still sustained to conditions where ventilation is totally ineffective