GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS Y SU ASOCIACIÓN A MOBILUNCUS SPP. EN MUJERES ADULTAS CON VAGINOSIS. JIPIJAPA, PERIODO ENERO 2022 - JULIO 2023
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Resumo
Introducción: La vaginosis es una enfermedad polibacteriana, cuya asociación de agentes etiológicos aún no está clara, por lo que es necesario monitorear su prevalencia y la simbiosis con otros microorganismos implicados. Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia y asociación entre Gardnerella vaginalis y Mobiluncus spp, que influyen en la presencia de sintomatología en mujeres adultas con vaginosis, Jipijapa periodo enero 2022 - julio 2023. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. La muestra incluyó 501 mujeres adultas atendidas en el Centro de Salud Jipijapa, Provincia de Manabí, con o sin sintomatología de vaginosis. Se cumplieron los aspectos éticos necesarios. Se calculó la prevalencia de vaginosis por Gardnerella vaginalis y Mobiluncus spp., clasificando como infección simple o mixta y con pruebas estadísticas descriptivas y de asociación por edad, procedencia y presencia de síntomas. Resultados: Se evidencia una prevalencia general de vaginosis de 25,7%, 97% (p<0,0001) de los casos causados por Gardnerella vaginalis, 3,1% por Mobiluncus spp. y 3,9% infecciones mixtas. La prevalencia disminuyó con la edad de las pacientes, obteniéndose la mayor frecuencia (p=0,0002) en el grupo etario de 25-34 años, el 99,2% de las mujeres seleccionadas eran de procedencia urbana y la presencia de síntomas se observó en el 48,8% de las mujeres con vaginosis; sin embargo, el 100% de infecciones mixtas cursó con sintomatología clínica. Conclusiones: No se encontró asociación entre la prevalencia de infección simple o mixta con la presencia de sintomatología en las pacientes. Se confirman hallazgos epidemiológicos y los resultados demuestran que la colonización por Mobiluncus spp. no es un factor predisponente a la infección por Gardnerella vaginalis en este grupo poblacional.
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