Causal relationship between obesity and heart failure.

Abstract

Introduction: Weight gain disorders have been a global health problem, so WHO has put an epidemiological approach to secondary chronic noncommunicable diseases and especially cardiovascular disease. It is important to analyze the relationship between the onset of heart failure in patients with obesity.

Objective: Conduct asystematic review of the literature to update health professionals on the relationship between obesity and the development of heart failure worldwide.

Material and methods: A systematic review of articles published in indexed journals, obtained from databases: Academic Google, Purmed and Elsevier. The review focused on heart failure and its relationship to obesity.

Results: Se analizaron 18 artículos a doble ciego y 7 textos complementarios que evidencian la relación causal entre la obesidad y la insuficiencia cardiaca.

Conclusions: The causal relationship between obesity and heart failure was determined by the following factors: high leptin levels and low levels of grelin that together with apnea syndrome cause insulin resistance and disorders of the sympathetic system, endothelial damage due to cytokine activation and inflammatory response, high percentage of adipose tissue as a marker of cardiovascular risk and increased deterioration of the cardiac muscle from disorders in metabolism.