Analysis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latin America and the world.

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization -WHO- estimates that Diabetes Mellitus (DM) by the year 2030 will be the first cause of death worldwide; in addition, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is the main complication of this pathology, as it occurs in approximately 50% of diabetic patients, this alteration is the main cause of disability due to the appearance of plantar ulcers, which leads to amputations and injuries from falls. Main objective: To analyse "Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latin America and the world" through a literature review. Methodology: an integrative literature review was carried out, using fifty-nine articles selected from different databases, which responded to the research questions posed in the study. Results: a significant prevalence of NDP was obtained in the analysis of the studies carried out; the main factors associated with this pathology were identified as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, advanced age, time of diagnosis of DM2 greater than 10 years and poor glycaemic control; on the other hand, different drugs and therapies have been investigated in different countries around the world that have been shown to be capable of reducing the symptoms produced by this complication.Conclusion: there is a high frequency of NDP in patients with DM2 according to the analysis of studies carried out in several countries; due to the lack of a specific treatment for this pathology; prevention has been shown to be a fundamental factor applied, since if NDP is managed in an adequate way, the appearance of the complications produced by this alteration can be significantly reduced.