Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (Anti-NMDAR) autoimmune encephalitis. Case report.
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Abstract
N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) antibody encephalitis is a newly discovered disease characterized by neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by ovarian tumor in almost 50% of cases, predominantly affecting the female and reproductive sex, although in Ecuador 5 cases have been reported in which the majority were male with a relationship 4: 1. The aim of this work is to publish a case of NMDA autoantibody encephalitis, its diagnosis and clinical management. Materials and methods: a qualitative, descriptive study was carried out; a clinical case was presented. Relevant aspects of this pathology and the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment are described. Authorization was obtained from the Department of Teaching and Research, allowing the review of clinical history and images for the publication of the present case. Results: we present the clinical case of a 17-year-old female patient with neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms with a long history of hospitalization, who confirmed the diagnosis of encephalitis by anti NMDA antibodies by study of cerebrospinal fluid, received complex treatment with corticosteroids, broad spectrum antibiotics and rituximab obtaining good clinical results. Conclusions: NMDA antibody encephalitis is a recent disease that should be part of the differential diagnosis in young patients with neuropsychiatric disorders, since it should not overlook this disease, whose treatment is curative and has nothing to do with dementia, however, symptoms are often confused and misdiagnosed with incorrect treatment.
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