EL ROL DEL PERSONAL DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA PROMOCIÓN DEL BIENESTAR BIOPSICOSOCIAL DURANTE LA EXPERIENCIA DE HOSPITALIZACIÓN PEDIÁTRICA.
Barra lateral del artículo
Publicado:
ene 3, 2022
Palabras clave:
hospitalización, personal de enfermería, humanización de la atención., hospitalization, nursing staff, humanization of care.
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
La estancia en el hospital de niños y niñas es desafortunadamente común y está asociada a regresión en los comportamientos, agresión, falta de cooperación, retraimiento, dificultad para recuperarse, llanto excesivo, y disminución de la comunicación y/o actividad, por lo que el proceso atención enfermero necesita no solo una perspectiva biológica, sino también incluir a las esferas psicológicas y sociales. El rol del personal de enfermería, al ser los principales referentes de cuidado dentro del contexto sanitario, resulta esencial pues son percibidos como la mayor fuente de apoyo e información de los padres, madres y pacientes. En el documento se proporcionan algunas pautas, dirigidas al personal de salud, para aumentar el bienestar integral a través de acciones concretas y de fácil ejecución.
Palabras clave: hospitalización, personal de enfermería, humanización de la atención.
ABSTRACT
The hospital stay of children is unfortunately common and is associated with regression in behaviors, aggression, lack of cooperation, withdrawal, difficulty in recovering, excessive crying, and decreased communication and / or activity, so The nursing care process needs not only a biological perspective, but also includes the psychological and social spheres. The role of the nursing staff, being the main care references within the healthcare context, is essential since they are perceived as the greatest source of support and information from parents and patients. The document provides some guidelines, aimed at health personnel, to increase comprehensive well-being through concrete and easy-to-implement actions.
Keywords: hospitalization, nursing staff, humanization of care.
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Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
Yánez Ortiz, Érika E. (2022). EL ROL DEL PERSONAL DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA PROMOCIÓN DEL BIENESTAR BIOPSICOSOCIAL DURANTE LA EXPERIENCIA DE HOSPITALIZACIÓN PEDIÁTRICA. Enfermería Investiga, 7(1), 48–51. https://doi.org/10.31243/ei.uta.v7i1.1478.2022
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Citas
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2. Noreña Peña AL, Cibanal Juan L. El contexto de la interacción comunicativa: factores que influyen en la comunicación entre los profesionales de enfermería y los niños hospitalizados. Cult Los Cuid Rev Enferm Humanidades. 2008;(23):70-9. Disponible en: http://hdl.handle.net/10045/6683
3. Delvecchio E, Salcuni S, Lis A, Germani A, Di Riso D. Hospitalized Children: Anxiety, Coping Strategies, and Pretend Play. Front Public Health. 2019 Sep 6;7:250. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00250. PMID: 31555632; PMCID: PMC6743064.
4. He HG, Zhu L, Chan SW, Klainin-Yobas P, Wang W. The effectiveness of therapeutic play intervention in reducing perioperative anxiety, negative behaviors, and postoperative pain in children undergoing elective surgery: a systematic review. Pain Manag Nurs. 2015 Jun;16(3):425-39. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.08.011. PMID: 26025800.
5. Ullán AM, Belver MH, Fernández E, Lorente F, Badía M, Fernández B. The effect of a program to promote play to reduce children's post-surgical pain: with plush toys, it hurts less. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014 Mar;15(1):273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2012.10.004. Epub 2012 Dec 28. PMID: 23273827.
6. Ferrer Pardavíla Á, García Sampedro R, Barreiro Bello JM. El proceso de atención y la relación de ayuda en enfermería pediátrica. Cult Los Cuid Rev Enferm Humanidades.2003;(13):52-62. Disponible en: http://hdl.handle.net/10045/4818
7. Alisic E, Conroy R, Magyar J, Babl FE, O’Donnell ML. Psychosocial care for seriously injured children and their families: A qualitative study among Emergency Department nurses and physicians. Injury. 2014;45(9):1452-1458. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020138314000862
8. Moss KM, Healy KL, Ziviani J, Newcombe P, Cobham VE, McCutcheon H, Montague G, Kenardy J. Trauma-informed care in practice: Observed use of psychosocial care practices with children and families in a large pediatric hospital. Psychol Serv. 2019 Feb;16(1):16-28. doi: 10.1037/ser0000270. PMID: 30714807.
9. Caprini FR, Motta AB. Childhood cancer: Diagnosis impact analysis. Psicol Teor E Prática. 2017;19(2):177-89. Disponible en: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?pid=S1516-36872017000200009&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en
10. Selove R, Kroll T, Coppes M, Cheng Y. Psychosocial services in the first 30 days after diagnosis: Results of a web-based survey of children’s oncology group (COG) member institutions: Psychosocial Services in the First 30 Days. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;58(3):435-440. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pbc.23235
11. Carrion-Plaza A, Jaen J, Montoya-Castilla I. HabitApp: New Play Technologies in Pediatric Cancer to Improve the Psychosocial State of Patients and Caregivers. Front Psychol. 2020 Feb 7;11:157. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00157. PMID: 32116953; PMCID: PMC7020696.
12. Rauch DA; Committee on hospital care; section on hospital medicine. Physician's Role in Coordinating Care of Hospitalized Children. Pediatrics. 2018 Aug;142(2):e20181503. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-1503. PMID: 30061298.
13. Clancy T, Jordan B, de Weerth C, Muscara F. Early Emotional, Behavioural and Social Development of Infants and Young Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2020;27(4):686-703. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10880-019-09651-1
14. Woolf C, Muscara F, Anderson VA, McCarthy MC. Early Traumatic Stress Responses in Parents Following a Serious Illness in Their Child: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2016;23(1):53-66. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10880-015-9430-y
15. Wilson V, Chando S. Parental experiences with a hospital-based bead programme for children with congenital heart disease. J Clin Nurs. 2015;24(3-4):439-46. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocn.12621
16. Loveday M, Sunkari B, Master I, Daftary A, Mehlomakulu V, Hlangu S, Marais BJ. Household context and psychosocial impact of childhood multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018 Jan 1;22(1):40-46. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0371. PMID: 29297424.
17. Kosta L, Harms L, Franich-Ray C, Anderson V, Northam E, Cochrane A, et al. Parental experiences of their infant’s hospitalization for cardiac surgery: Parental experiences of their infant’s hospitalization. Child Care Health Dev. noviembre de 2015;41(6):1057-1065. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cch.12230
18. Weekly T, Riley B, Wichman C, Tibbits M, Weaver M. Impact of a Massage Therapy Intervention for Pediatric Palliative Care Patients and Their Family Caregivers. J Palliat Care. 2019 Jul;34(3):164-167. doi: 10.1177/0825859718810727. Epub 2018 Nov 22. PMID: 30465468.
19. Sifuentes Contreras A., Parra F.M., Marquina Volcanes M., Oviedo Soto S. Relación terapéutica del personal de enfermería con los padres de neonatos en la unidad terapia intensiva neonatal. Enferm. glob.
2010; (19):1-9. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1695-61412010000200014&lng=es.
20. Ullan AM, Belver MH. Play as a Source of Psychological Well-Being for Hospitalized Children: Study Review. Integr Pediatr Child Care. Int Ped Chi Care. 2019;2(1):92-98. Disponible en: https://www.gratisoa.org/journals/index.php/IPCC/article/view/1613
21. Unicef. Convención sobre los derechos del niño. 2006;52. Disponible en: https://www.un.org/es/events/childrenday/pdf/derechos.pdf
22. Hall C, Reet M. Enhancing the state of play in children's nursing. J Child Health Care. 2000 Summer;4(2):49-54. doi: 10.1177/136749350000400201. PMID: 11855399.
23. Lambert V, Coad J, Hicks P, Glacken M. Social spaces for young children in hospital. Child Care Health Dev. 2014;40(2):195-204. Disponible en: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-06055-006&site=ehost-live
24. Weiss P, Bialik P, Kizony R. Virtual Reality Provides Leisure Time Opportunities for Young Adults with Physical and Intellectual Disabilities. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003;6(3):335-342. Disponible en: http://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/109493103322011650
25. Batún-Cutz JL, Guerrero-Lara EA, Kantún-Chim MD, Panti-Trejo HG, Rodríguez-Aké AL. Efecto psicológico de una intervención de apoyo emocional para niños hospitalizados = Psychological effect of an intervention of emotional support for hospitalized children. Ansiedad Estrés. julio de 2016;22(2-3):74-79. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5777069
26. Kapk?n G. Effect of therapeutic play methods on hospitalized children in Turkey: Systematic review. Erciyes Med. 2020; 42(2):127–131. DOI:10.14744/etd.2019.94940 Disponible en: http://www.erciyesmedj.com/jvi.aspx?un=EMJ-94940
27. Aydin D, Sahiner NC. Effects of music therapy and distraction cards on pain relief during phlebotomy in children. Appl Nurs Res. febrero de 2017;33:164-168. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0897189716303445
28. Karakaya A, Gözen D. The Effect of Distraction on Pain Level Felt by School-age Children During Venipuncture Procedure—Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2016;17(1):47-53. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1524904215001563
29. Altay N, Kilicarslan-Toruner E, Sari Ç. The effect of drawing and writing technique on the anxiety level of children undergoing cancer treatment. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2017 Jun;28:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Mar 2. PMID: 28478846.
30. Chin J-C, Tsuei M. A multi-modal digital game-based learning environment for hospitalized children with chronic illnesses. J Educ Technol Soc 2014;17(4):366-378. Disponible en: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-45760-025&site=ehost-live
31. Arnon Z, Hanan H, Mogilner J. The effect of a hypnotic-based animated video on stress and pain reduction in pediatric surgery. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2018 Apr-Jun;66(2):123-133. doi: 10.1080/00207144.2018.1421353. PMID: 29601276.
32. Al-Yateem N, Rossiter RC. Unstructured play for anxiety in pediatric inpatient care. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2017 Jan;22(1). doi: 10.1111/jspn.12166. Epub 2016 Dec 14. PMID: 27966275.
2. Noreña Peña AL, Cibanal Juan L. El contexto de la interacción comunicativa: factores que influyen en la comunicación entre los profesionales de enfermería y los niños hospitalizados. Cult Los Cuid Rev Enferm Humanidades. 2008;(23):70-9. Disponible en: http://hdl.handle.net/10045/6683
3. Delvecchio E, Salcuni S, Lis A, Germani A, Di Riso D. Hospitalized Children: Anxiety, Coping Strategies, and Pretend Play. Front Public Health. 2019 Sep 6;7:250. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00250. PMID: 31555632; PMCID: PMC6743064.
4. He HG, Zhu L, Chan SW, Klainin-Yobas P, Wang W. The effectiveness of therapeutic play intervention in reducing perioperative anxiety, negative behaviors, and postoperative pain in children undergoing elective surgery: a systematic review. Pain Manag Nurs. 2015 Jun;16(3):425-39. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.08.011. PMID: 26025800.
5. Ullán AM, Belver MH, Fernández E, Lorente F, Badía M, Fernández B. The effect of a program to promote play to reduce children's post-surgical pain: with plush toys, it hurts less. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014 Mar;15(1):273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2012.10.004. Epub 2012 Dec 28. PMID: 23273827.
6. Ferrer Pardavíla Á, García Sampedro R, Barreiro Bello JM. El proceso de atención y la relación de ayuda en enfermería pediátrica. Cult Los Cuid Rev Enferm Humanidades.2003;(13):52-62. Disponible en: http://hdl.handle.net/10045/4818
7. Alisic E, Conroy R, Magyar J, Babl FE, O’Donnell ML. Psychosocial care for seriously injured children and their families: A qualitative study among Emergency Department nurses and physicians. Injury. 2014;45(9):1452-1458. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020138314000862
8. Moss KM, Healy KL, Ziviani J, Newcombe P, Cobham VE, McCutcheon H, Montague G, Kenardy J. Trauma-informed care in practice: Observed use of psychosocial care practices with children and families in a large pediatric hospital. Psychol Serv. 2019 Feb;16(1):16-28. doi: 10.1037/ser0000270. PMID: 30714807.
9. Caprini FR, Motta AB. Childhood cancer: Diagnosis impact analysis. Psicol Teor E Prática. 2017;19(2):177-89. Disponible en: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?pid=S1516-36872017000200009&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en
10. Selove R, Kroll T, Coppes M, Cheng Y. Psychosocial services in the first 30 days after diagnosis: Results of a web-based survey of children’s oncology group (COG) member institutions: Psychosocial Services in the First 30 Days. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;58(3):435-440. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pbc.23235
11. Carrion-Plaza A, Jaen J, Montoya-Castilla I. HabitApp: New Play Technologies in Pediatric Cancer to Improve the Psychosocial State of Patients and Caregivers. Front Psychol. 2020 Feb 7;11:157. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00157. PMID: 32116953; PMCID: PMC7020696.
12. Rauch DA; Committee on hospital care; section on hospital medicine. Physician's Role in Coordinating Care of Hospitalized Children. Pediatrics. 2018 Aug;142(2):e20181503. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-1503. PMID: 30061298.
13. Clancy T, Jordan B, de Weerth C, Muscara F. Early Emotional, Behavioural and Social Development of Infants and Young Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2020;27(4):686-703. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10880-019-09651-1
14. Woolf C, Muscara F, Anderson VA, McCarthy MC. Early Traumatic Stress Responses in Parents Following a Serious Illness in Their Child: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2016;23(1):53-66. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10880-015-9430-y
15. Wilson V, Chando S. Parental experiences with a hospital-based bead programme for children with congenital heart disease. J Clin Nurs. 2015;24(3-4):439-46. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocn.12621
16. Loveday M, Sunkari B, Master I, Daftary A, Mehlomakulu V, Hlangu S, Marais BJ. Household context and psychosocial impact of childhood multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018 Jan 1;22(1):40-46. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0371. PMID: 29297424.
17. Kosta L, Harms L, Franich-Ray C, Anderson V, Northam E, Cochrane A, et al. Parental experiences of their infant’s hospitalization for cardiac surgery: Parental experiences of their infant’s hospitalization. Child Care Health Dev. noviembre de 2015;41(6):1057-1065. Disponible en: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cch.12230
18. Weekly T, Riley B, Wichman C, Tibbits M, Weaver M. Impact of a Massage Therapy Intervention for Pediatric Palliative Care Patients and Their Family Caregivers. J Palliat Care. 2019 Jul;34(3):164-167. doi: 10.1177/0825859718810727. Epub 2018 Nov 22. PMID: 30465468.
19. Sifuentes Contreras A., Parra F.M., Marquina Volcanes M., Oviedo Soto S. Relación terapéutica del personal de enfermería con los padres de neonatos en la unidad terapia intensiva neonatal. Enferm. glob.
2010; (19):1-9. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1695-61412010000200014&lng=es.
20. Ullan AM, Belver MH. Play as a Source of Psychological Well-Being for Hospitalized Children: Study Review. Integr Pediatr Child Care. Int Ped Chi Care. 2019;2(1):92-98. Disponible en: https://www.gratisoa.org/journals/index.php/IPCC/article/view/1613
21. Unicef. Convención sobre los derechos del niño. 2006;52. Disponible en: https://www.un.org/es/events/childrenday/pdf/derechos.pdf
22. Hall C, Reet M. Enhancing the state of play in children's nursing. J Child Health Care. 2000 Summer;4(2):49-54. doi: 10.1177/136749350000400201. PMID: 11855399.
23. Lambert V, Coad J, Hicks P, Glacken M. Social spaces for young children in hospital. Child Care Health Dev. 2014;40(2):195-204. Disponible en: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-06055-006&site=ehost-live
24. Weiss P, Bialik P, Kizony R. Virtual Reality Provides Leisure Time Opportunities for Young Adults with Physical and Intellectual Disabilities. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003;6(3):335-342. Disponible en: http://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/109493103322011650
25. Batún-Cutz JL, Guerrero-Lara EA, Kantún-Chim MD, Panti-Trejo HG, Rodríguez-Aké AL. Efecto psicológico de una intervención de apoyo emocional para niños hospitalizados = Psychological effect of an intervention of emotional support for hospitalized children. Ansiedad Estrés. julio de 2016;22(2-3):74-79. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5777069
26. Kapk?n G. Effect of therapeutic play methods on hospitalized children in Turkey: Systematic review. Erciyes Med. 2020; 42(2):127–131. DOI:10.14744/etd.2019.94940 Disponible en: http://www.erciyesmedj.com/jvi.aspx?un=EMJ-94940
27. Aydin D, Sahiner NC. Effects of music therapy and distraction cards on pain relief during phlebotomy in children. Appl Nurs Res. febrero de 2017;33:164-168. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0897189716303445
28. Karakaya A, Gözen D. The Effect of Distraction on Pain Level Felt by School-age Children During Venipuncture Procedure—Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2016;17(1):47-53. Disponible en: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1524904215001563
29. Altay N, Kilicarslan-Toruner E, Sari Ç. The effect of drawing and writing technique on the anxiety level of children undergoing cancer treatment. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2017 Jun;28:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Mar 2. PMID: 28478846.
30. Chin J-C, Tsuei M. A multi-modal digital game-based learning environment for hospitalized children with chronic illnesses. J Educ Technol Soc 2014;17(4):366-378. Disponible en: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-45760-025&site=ehost-live
31. Arnon Z, Hanan H, Mogilner J. The effect of a hypnotic-based animated video on stress and pain reduction in pediatric surgery. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2018 Apr-Jun;66(2):123-133. doi: 10.1080/00207144.2018.1421353. PMID: 29601276.
32. Al-Yateem N, Rossiter RC. Unstructured play for anxiety in pediatric inpatient care. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2017 Jan;22(1). doi: 10.1111/jspn.12166. Epub 2016 Dec 14. PMID: 27966275.