EVALUACION EXTERNA DE LA CALIDAD DEL LABORATORIO CLÍNICO
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En la actualidad el laboratorio clínico evoluciona adaptándose a cambios científicos tecnológicos, organizativos y de gestión, inducidos por los avances en el campo de la medicina, nuevas pruebas y metodologías analíticas, así como la creciente sensibilización y expectativas de los usuarios por disponer de servicios y productos de mayor calidad; en toda esta perspectiva el éxito ante los nuevos desafíos para mejorar su eficacia, dependerá de su desempeño a la vanguardia de la gestión de la calidad, asegurando el logro de los mayores beneficios posibles para la salud del paciente y procurando el óptimo uso de los recursos disponibles en todo su proceso. Sobre esta base, resulta indispensable un sistema de gestión de calidad eficaz, que incluya evaluación interna y programas de evaluación externa de la calidad, lo que proporciona información sobre el nivel de rendimiento del laboratorio en comparación con otros, para promover la armonización de criterios, procedimientos, evaluación de intervenciones, además de ser una estrategia para proporcionar educación y capacitación del recurso humano. Dichos fines requieren que los programas de evaluación externa de la calidad incluyan el proceso total de análisis, no solo enfoque en la fase analítica, sino también la preanalítica y postanalítica, para la obtención de las mejores evidencias que llevan a identificar fuentes de variación, errores en el proceso y oportunidades de mejora de la gestión de la calidad de estos servicios de atención del sector salud en el contexto demandante de los tiempos de hoy.
Palabras clave: aseguramiento de la calidad, fase preanalítica, indicadores, seguridad del paciente, laboratorios
Abstract
Currently, the clinical laboratory get moving adapting to technological, organizational and management changes, induced by advances in the field of medicine, new tests and analytical methodologies, technological innovation, as well as the growing sensitivity and expectations of users to have higher quality services and products; in all this perspective, success in the face of new challenges to improve its effectiveness resulted from its performance at the forefront of quality management, ensuring the achievement of the greatest possible benefits for the patient's health and seeking the optimal use of resources, available throughout your process. On this basis, an effective quality management system, including an internal assessment system and external quality assessment programs, providing information on the level of performance of the laboratory compared to others, is essential to promote harmonization criteria, procedures, exposure assessment, in addition to being a strategy to provide education and training of human resources. These purposes require that external quality assessment programs include the total analysis process, not only focusing on the analytical phase, but also the pre-analytical and post-analytical phases, in order to obtain the best evidence that leads to identifying sources of variation, errors in the process and opportunities to improve the quality management of these health care services in the demanding context of today's times.
Key words: Clinical laboratory, quality assurance, extra-analytical phase, indicators, Patient Safety
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