Management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus with bariatric surgery. A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is the surgical modification of the stomach, intestine or both to lose weight, which leads to remission of DM2, in patients with severe obesity. Objective: To describe the techniques used in bariatric surgery for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Specific objectives : 1) Compare results between bariatric surgery versus lifestyle change without surgery in patients with diabetes and obesity. 2 ) Knowing the long-term benefits of bariatric surgery. Materials and methods: For the present systematic review scientific medical articles published in the last 5 years were used, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria established, The databases Pubmed, IntechOpen, ScienceDirect, Mendeley, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, with the title search: bariatric surgery in the remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus were used as reference for the preparation of this manuscript. Results: Bariatric surgery is effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with body mass index (BMI) of 30 to 35 kg/m 2, in the remission of diabetes mellitus showed better results than changes in lifestyle and diet. According to the results obtained in the randomization of patients for bariatric surgery, compared with patients who had only lifestyle intervention, bariatric surgery showed a 70% resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Conclusions: Bariatric and metabolic surgery in the management of type 2 diabetes with severe obesity, has great utility and benefit in the group of patients suffering from this pathology, obtaining good results according to the surgical technique used, whose remission is higher, compared to the change in lifestyle, also reduces long-term mortality, proving very useful in patients with class III or morbid obesity, and in patients with class II and class I obesity suffering from decompensated diabetes