LASER THERAPY AS AN ADJUVANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF ONYCHOMYCOSIS. LITERATURE REVIEW
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Abstract
Introduction: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit caused by various species of dermatophytes that can affect 4%-18% of the population. This disease represents a therapeutic challenge since it is usually resistant to treatment and requires prolonged therapy. In recent years, laser therapy has been proposed as a viable adjuvant option. Objective: The objective of this work is to conduct a review of the literature on the effectiveness of laser therapy in patients with onychomycosis. Methods: A review of the scientific literature is carried out using the PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus databases. Complete studies carried out in the last five years with adequate methodological quality were selected. Results: Laser therapy is effective as an adjuvant in the treatment of onychomycosis. The total sample was 277 patients from six clinical trials. The total number of laser therapy sessions was 6-24 sessions in total with a frequency per week between one and four. The long pulse 1,064 nm Nd-Yag laser (neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser) was mainly used. Conclusions: By combining laser therapy with an antifungal, a faster mycological cure is obtained with a lower relapse rate. It also improves patient satisfaction, severity of onychomycosis, and mycological clearance rate. A greater number of treatments provides better long-term benefits, with greater effectiveness in grade II onychomycosis than in grade III
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